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January 2001
Reference: Canadian Fertilizer Institute
WESTERN CANADA
The ranges in nutrient uptake and removal values given in this chart are general estimates. They are based on typical nutrient concentrations and yields for good growing conditions in western Canada. Actual uptake and removal will vary with crop yield, crop variety, soil fertility and from year to year. Accurate removal values can only be determined by laboratory analysis. Crop uptake of nutrients is affected by soil and climatic conditions. Low soil moisture, poor aeration due to compaction or excessive moisture, low soil temperatures, high lime in the root zone, nutrient imbalances, and other factors may restrict uptake of plant nutrients. Crop fertility requirements will differ from these nutrient removal values. Crops are not able to extract all available plant nutrients from the soil, and fertilizers are not 100 percent efficient. For any given yield, the total nutrient supply in the soil (soil plus added fertilizer) will be somewhat greater than the amount removed by the crop. The best way to determine fertilizer requirements is regular soil analysis.
|
Grains
|
.
|
N
|
P2O5
|
K2O
|
S
|
|
Spring Wheat
|
uptake 1
|
76 – 93
|
29 – 35
|
65 – 80
|
8. – 10
|
|
40 bu/A (2690 kg/ha)
|
removal 2
|
54 – 66
|
21 – 26
|
16 – 19
|
4.- 5
|
|
Winter Wheat
|
uptake
|
61 – 74
|
27 – 34
|
64 – 78
|
9. – 11
|
|
50 bu/A (3360 kg/ha)
|
removal
|
47 – 57
|
23 – 28
|
15 – 19
|
6. – 8
|
|
Barley
|
uptake
|
100 – 122
|
40 – 49
|
96 – 117
|
12. – 14
|
|
80 bu/A (4300 kg/ha)
|
removal
|
70 – 85
|
30 – 37
|
23 – 28
|
6. – 8
|
|
Oats
|
uptake
|
96 – 117
|
36 – 45
|
131 – 160
|
12. – 14
|
|
100 bu/A (3584 kg/ha)
|
removal
|
55 – 68
|
23 – 28
|
17 – 20
|
4. – 5
|
|
Rye
|
uptake
|
83 – 101
|
41 – 51
|
117 – 144
|
14 – 17
|
|
55 bu/A (3450 kg/ha)
|
removal
|
53 – 64
|
22 – 27
|
18 – 22
|
4. – 5
|
|
Corn
|
uptake
|
138 – 168
|
57 – 69
|
116 – 141
|
13 – 16
|
|
100 bu/A (6272 kg/ha)
|
removal
|
87 – 107
|
39 – 48
|
25 – 30
|
6. – 7
|
|
Oilseeds
|
.
|
N
|
P2O5
|
K2O
|
S
|
|
Canola
|
uptake
|
100 – 123
|
46 – 57
|
73 – 89
|
17 – 21
|
|
35 bu/A (1960 kg/ha)
|
removal
|
61 – 74
|
33 – 40
|
16 – 20
|
10. – 12
|
|
Flax
|
uptake
|
62 – 76
|
18 – 22
|
39 – 48
|
12. – 15
|
|
24 bu/A (1492 kg/ha)
|
removal
|
46 – 56
|
14 – 17
|
13 – 16
|
5. – 6
|
|
Sunflower
|
uptake
|
67 – 82
|
23 – 28
|
33 – 44
|
8. – 9
|
|
50 bu/A (2240 kg/ha)
|
removal
|
48 – 59
|
14 – 18
|
11. – 13
|
4. – 5
|
|
Oilseeds Pulse Crops*
|
.
|
N
|
P 2O5
|
K 2O
|
S
|
|
Peas
|
uptake
|
138 – 168
|
38 – 46
|
123 – 150
|
11. – 14
|
|
50 bu/A (3360 kg/ha)
|
removal
|
105 – 129
|
31 – 38
|
32 – 39
|
6. – 7
|
|
Lentils
|
uptake
|
82 – 101
|
22 – 27
|
69 – 84
|
8. – 10
|
|
30 bu/A (2016 kg/ha)
|
removal
|
55 – 67
|
17 – 20
|
29 – 36
|
4. – 5
|
|
Fababeans
|
uptake
|
257 – 314
|
89 – 108
|
229 – 280
|
12. – 15
|
|
50 bu/A (3808 kg/ha)
|
removal
|
154 – 188
|
55 – 67
|
47 – 57
|
6. – 8
|
|
Other Crops
|
.
|
N
|
P 2O5
|
K 2O
|
S
|
|
Sugarbeets
|
uptake
|
190 – 232
|
61 – 75
|
347 – 424
|
30 – 36
|
|
22 tons/A (49.4 tonnes/ha)
|
removal
|
79 – 97
|
36 – 45
|
128 – 157
|
12. – 14
|
|
Potatoes
|
uptake
|
205 – 251
|
60 – 73
|
268 – 327
|
16 – 20
|
|
20 tons/A (44.8 tonnes/ha)
|
removal
|
115 – 141
|
33 – 40
|
194 – 238
|
11. – 13
|
|
Forages – Dry Matter
|
.
|
N
|
P2O5
|
K2O
|
S
|
|
Alfalfa * 5 tons/A (11.2 tonnes/ha)
|
removal
|
261 – 319
|
62 – 76
|
270 – 330
|
27 – 33
|
|
Clover * 4 tons/A (9 tonnes/ha)
|
removal
|
194 – 237
|
50 – 61
|
181 – 222
|
10. – 12
|
|
Grass 3 tons/A (6.7 tonnes/ha)
|
removal
|
92 – 113
|
27 – 33
|
117 – 143
|
11. – 14
|
|
Barley Silage 4.5 tons/A (10 tonnes/ha)
|
removal
|
130 – 180
|
46 – 60
|
114 – 132
|
14 – 21
|
|
Corn Silage 5 tons/A (11.2 tonnes/ha)
|
removal
|
140 – 172
|
57 – 70
|
181 – 222
|
12. – 14
|
* Legumes such as pulse crops, alfafla, clover, etc. obtain most of their N from the air if
root nodule bacteria are actively fixing N. Legumes should be inoculated prior to seeding.
|
|
|
|
Crop
|
Pounds
|
|
Fababeans
|
68
|
|
Wheat, alfalfa, clover, birdsfoot trefoil
|
60
|
|
Beans, peas, lentils, potatoes
|
60
|
|
Rye, corn, flax
|
56
|
|
Canola, mustard
|
50
|
|
Barley, buckwheat
|
48
|
|
Timothy seed
|
45
|
|
Reed canary grass
|
44- 48
|
|
Oats
|
32
|
|
Sunflower
|
28
|
|
Crested wheat grass
|
20- 24
|
|
Bromegrass, Kentucky bluegrass, Orchard grass
|
14
|
|
Slender wheat grass
|
13
|
|
|
||
|
Crop
|
Unit
|
Approximate lb residue/unit
|
|
Rye, fababeans
|
bu
|
110
|
|
Spring wheat, durum, canola
|
bu
|
100
|
|
Mustard, flax, lentils
|
bu
|
100
|
|
Winter wheat
|
bu
|
75
|
|
Barley
|
bu
|
80
|
|
Corn
|
bu
|
60
|
|
Oats
|
bu
|
64
|
|
Flax
|
bu
|
80
|
|
Sunflower
|
lb
|
1.5
|
|
Dry beans
|
lb
|
1
|
|
Sugarbeets, potatoes
|
ton
|
200
|
Tonne (metric)/hectare x 0.446 = ton/acre
Ton/acre x 2.24 = tonne/hectare
Tonne x 1.102 = ton
Ton x 0.9072 = tonne
Kilogram (kg) x 2.205 = pound
Pound x 0.454 = kilogram (kg)
Hectare x 2.472 = acre
Kilogram/hectare x 0.891 = pound/acre
Pound/acre x 1.12 = kilogram/hectare
Acre x 0.405 = hectare
P x 2.3 = P 2 O 5
P 2O5 x 0.43 = P
K x 1.2 = K 2O
K 2O x 0.83 = K